Let us now delve into the breakthroughs made by Stanford Medicine.

• 1956: The first linear accelerator was used to treat cancer. Henry Kaplan and campus physicists created the machine.
• 1960: surgeon Roy Cohn performed the first kidney transplant in California.
• Stanford opened the first newborn intensive care facility that enabled parents to visit in 1962.
• 1964: Milton Flocks and Christian Zweng, ophthalmologists, successfully employ a laser photocoagulator to treat patients with various retinal illnesses, and the first sleep apnea monitor is produced in the same year.
• 1965: Researchers create a method for removing blood that is needed to prevent internal bleeding in haemophiliacs.
• 1967: Nobel winner Arthur Kornberg discovered a strand of physiologically active DNA, paving the stage for genetic research.
• 1968: Norman Shumway successfully transplants a heart into Mike Kasperak, a 54-year-old steelworker who survives for 14 days.
• 1971: Insulin resistance is discovered to be the primary physiological feature of type 2 diabetes by researchers John Farquhar and Gerald Reaven.In the same year, scientists Arthur Kornberg and Douglas Brutlag find that DNA replication may be prepared by the host RNA. The first significant clinical trial, led by John Farquhar and Peter Wood, demonstrates that reducing cholesterol levels reduces heart disease.
• 1972: Hugh McDevitt, an immunologist, identifies regulatory genes that are thought to influence the body’s responses to foreign proteins, implying that people may be predisposed to specific illnesses.
• 1975: John Farquhar and Peter Wood show that exercise increases “good” cholesterol levels and can lower LDL cholesterol levels.
• 1980: Henry Kaplan and Lennart Olsson develop cells to produce human antibodies for better illness detection and therapy.
• 1981: surgeon Bruce Reitz performs the world’s first combination heart and lung transplant on Mary Gohlke. Oncologist Ronald Levy reported the first effective use of monoclonal antibodies, which are laboratory-created molecules tailored to connect to particular abnormalities in cancer cells, the same year.
• 1989: Eugene Butcher, a pathologist, developed a receptor that directs white blood cells towards peripheral lymph nodes.
• 1992: Doctor Ron Levy discovered a cancer vaccine that might prevent recurrence of lymphomas in chemotherapy patients.
• 1993: William Haskell, a researcher, discovered that comprehensive lifestyle adjustments and prevention/treatment programs can minimize cardiac events and halt the advancement of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries.
• 1994: Neonatologist David Stevenson creates a diagnostic tool for quick bedside screening of red blood cell breakdown in jaundiced babies.
• 1996: Developmental scientist Matthew Scott and colleagues at UC-San Francisco determine that basal cell cancer is caused by a mutation in the hedgehog gene.
• 1997: Michael Link, a pediatric oncologist, leads a trial that demonstrates that chemotherapy may be lowered by two-thirds in children with early-stage non-lymphoma Hodgkin’s with no deleterious repercussions.
• 2000: Roger Kornberg, a structural biologist, demonstrates the structure of the RNA polymerase protein, a stage in the transfer of information from gene to protein. This finding will later earn Kornberg a Nobel prize in chemistry.
• 2001: Rosemarie DeKruyff discovers a gene family that may be involved in the development of asthma in a mouse study in 2001.
• 2007: Minnie Sarwal, a pediatric nephrologist, discovers that kidney transplant recipients with comparable gene-expression patterns can remove or lessen their reliance on immunosuppressive medicines.
• 2008: Amato Giaccia, a radiation oncologist, discovers a chemical that destroys kidney cancer cells, potentially opening up new therapeutic possibilities. In the same year, radiologist Sanjiv Gambhir created a new form of imaging device that can illuminate tumours in living subjects with a one-trillionth-of-a-meter accuracy.
• 2008: bioengineer Stephen Quake and his colleagues create a technique for screening a pregnant woman’s blood for chromosomal diseases such as Down syndrome in her foetus.
• 2009: Pathologist Irving Weissman discovers the stem cell that causes bladder cancer and demonstrates how the cell employs the “don’t-eat-me” signal, a chemical known as CD47, to elude the body’s defences.
• 2010: A team of scientists examines bioengineer Stephen Quake’s genome to forecast his risk of acquiring heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer.
• 2011: Doctors at Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford utilize aggregate patient data from electronic medical records to determine the best treatment choice for a youngster with a rare disease.
• 2011: Neurobiologist Ricardo Dolmetsch generates human heart cells with the same genetic mutation using skin cells from individuals with a severe hereditary cardiac abnormality, allowing his team to test medications on the cells.
• 2013: Endocrinologist Aaron Hsueh’s in-vitro activation method is utilized to promote egg development in certain infertile women, and one of them bears delivery.
• 2014: Immunologist Kari Nadeau’s research demonstrates that a blood test might detect whether individuals who have been desensitised to peanut allergies need to continue eating peanuts on a regular basis to maintain their tolerance.
• 2014: Michael Greicius and his colleagues discovered in 2014 that women who possess a copy of a gene variation known as ApoE4 had a significantly increased chance of acquiring Alzheimer’s. Brain abnormalities in chronic fatigue syndrome patients were observed the same year.
• 2015: A bacterial community in pregnant women has been connected to premature delivery. The discovery of iron-containing inflammatory cells in Alzheimer’s brains that might be utilised to treat the disease was done in the same year.